More than 5 million people in the United States and Canada are in the care of an orthodontist and looking forward to a beautiful, healthy smile that's good for life. The obvious potential reward is straighter teeth that are less prone to decay and injury. But just as important is the boost to self-confidence that a better smile can provide.

As you prepare to make decisions about orthodontics, it's very important to be armed with the facts. Here's a checklist of what to keep in mind:

Orthodontics can boost a person's self-image as the teeth, jaws and lips become properly aligned, but an attractive smile is just one of the benefits. Alleviating or preventing physical health problems is just as important.

Without treatment, orthodontic problems may lead to tooth decay, gum disease, bone destruction and chewing and digestive difficulties. A "bad bite" can contribute to speech impairments, tooth loss, chipped teeth and other dental injuries.

The AAO recommends that every child should get a check-up with an orthodontic specialist no later than age 7. 

Some orthodontic problems are easier to correct if detected early rather than waiting until jaw growth has slowed. Early treatment may help a patient avoid surgery or other serious corrections later in life.

Orthodontists are the dental specialists who correct dental and facial irregularities, day in and day out. An orthodontist is expert at moving teeth, helping jaws develop properly and working with the patient to help make sure the teeth stay in their new positions.

AAO member orthodontists are uniquely qualified to correct improperly aligned teeth and jaws. The American Dental Association requires orthodontists to have at least two years of post-doctoral, advanced specialty training in orthodontics in an accredited program, after graduation from college and then dental school. Only those who have completed this rigorous training may be called orthodontists.

This will vary, of course, depending on the nature of the problem. Many orthodontic problems require only limited treatment. You may be surprised to discover that orthodontics is less expensive than you thought.

Your orthodontist will be happy to discuss fees. He or she may offer payment plans to help meet individual financial needs. In addition, many dental insurance plans now include orthodontic benefits. Of course, it's important to keep in mind the lifetime value that orthodontics provides.

It is wise for a consumer to investigate the value of any product or service. Most orthodontic patients will give it to you straight - orthodontics is one of the best investments they've ever made. Better oral health and better self-esteem are benefits that can last a lifetime.

An AAO member will be glad to have you talk to current or former patients, who can tell you firsthand how braces have improved their lives.

Ask your family dentist to recommend an orthodontist, search online or write the American Association of Orthodontists at 401 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63141-7816.